USD pipes: how to select suitable stainless steel alloy

　　When manufacturing ultra-small diameter (USD) pipes, the type of stainless steel alloy you choose makes a difference. The most common alloys are those of the 300 series, which contain chromium, nickel, molybdenum and titanium. They can withstand high pressures and temperatures, are ideal for welded pipe applications without welding, and are available in different types and sizes resistant to corrosion.

　　This is an overview of some specific types of alloy:

　　Type 304 / 304L. This non-magnetic and corrosion resistant alloy is the most widely used of all stainless steels. It offers excellent weldability and modeling characteristics, and is resistant to moderately aggressive organic acids, including acetic acid and reducing acids.

　　Type 316 / 316L. This alloy is more resistant to chemical attacks and intergranular corrosion (IGC) than type 304. This higher corrosion resistance is due to the addition of 2-3% molybdenum and is particularly effective in saline environments or with high levels of chlorides.

　　Type 321. Although this alloy is similar to 304 in terms of chemical composition, it contains an amount of titanium equivalent to at least six times the combined carbon and nitrogen content. The incorporation of titanium makes alloy 321 ideal for operating temperatures above 800 ° F.

　　Type 347. This alloy offers greater corrosion resistance than Type 321 in highly oxidizing environments due to the incorporation of columbium and tantalum. Type 347 maintains this improved corrosion resistance even in environments ranging between 800 ?F (427 ?C) and 1,650 ?F (899 ?C).

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